Lies Youve Been Told About Writing Essay about Myself

Lies You've Been Told About Writing Essay about Myself Therefore, if you learn how to think, through writing, then you'll develop a well-organized, efficient mind and one which is well-founded and certain. The most significant thing is that you justify whatever you say in your essay. Every thought should be relevant and concise. Say you think that everybody should learn at least one-second language. So whenever you are writing an essay, you're harnessing the complete might of culture to your life. Announce your Conclusion there is Nothing more provocative than revealing a conclusion from the start. For example, if you're reading a touching story, it may leave an enormous influence on your whole mindset in the practice of writing. Write about something you care about and even when you are assigned a particular topic for an essay, select a view or aspect of that topic which you like and would delight in writing about. Hence, if you believe banking essays are boring just like your company studies are, then you're probably wrong here. You can avail numerous search engines such as google for any of a person's essay subject. If you would like to convince your readers, make certain you present information in an excellent manner that may be read easily. It's important to get a topic that's specific enough that finding sources is relatively simple, but broad enough that you could write many pages about it. In summary, it's important to specify what would be helpful for the study and where can be used. What you have to do is to go over the topic. Also, you can look for sample expository essay topics so you will understand what to research and that which you will deal with. With that, you must make certain that the stream of your essay is smooth and logical. It's important to get a way of organizing your long essay. It is possible to use a modest illustrative material. Each of these kinds of paper is owned by the category of informative essay. You've got a guide and get ideas about what to do with your essay. Do your best in writing the essay and be sure that you are not going to incorporate any opinions. Articles and books are frequently the topic of the majority of analyses essays. Writing Essay about Myself Secrets That No One Else Knows About A college essay can be quite difficult so there isn't any reason to feel awkward when seeking help. Within the body, you must have three to four ideas. There's no better approach to do so than to write. If you're a student, or anyone else who's going to do a great deal of writing, then you need to provide yourself with the most suitable technology, especially now, when it's virtually costless to achieve that. Aside from freshmen, there are specific college essays which will pose a great deal of problem for students. Therefore, it's always recommended that you watch the documentary more often th an once as a way to properly digest it and know what it is about. Essay writing is not an easy feat. If you compose an essay arguing an argument, you are going to have to begin a thesis statement. When most students regard essay writing as a dull and hard assignment, it isn't necessarily accurate. There is barely any student, who wasn't assigned to compose an essay. You can produce your essay stick out from the rest by making use of the most suitable idioms at the most suitable spot. Just with the addition of long sentences for the interest of earning essay longer will not help. An essay is a rather brief bit of writing on a certain topic. You should compose a reflective essay that is simple to comprehend and you can do it by employing simple language. Or, based on the intricacy of the subject, you can take one separate paragraph only for that. While there's no one perfect manner of writing an ideal essay, there are a couple of things one can bear in mind which help to fulfill the PTE Academic format. Create numerous drafts and select the ideal one which best illustrates your thoughts. Always keep in mind that the crucial element to have an excellent writing is to realize the topic. Keep in mind, a poor title does not absolutely kill an essay, but a wonderful one may be delicious cherry on top. The conclusion ought to have a brief explanation of what's written. In brief, you can't fail by making the suitable introduction to your quote. In truth, it is normal for the title to be a couple of lines long.

Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol from Benzophenone

Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol from Benzophenone Purpose: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize the tertiary alcohol triphenylmethanol from a Grignard reagent, phenyl magnesium bromide. The Grignard reagent was synthesized from bromobenzene and magnesium and then reacted with benzophenone to produce triphenylmethanol. It was important that water be excluded from the reaction, in order to prevent the formation of benzene. The reaction of phenyl magnesium bromide and benzophenone was quenched with sulfuric acid, and an extraction was performed in order to separate the organic phase containing the triphenylmethanol from the aqueous phase. The triphenlmethanol was then isolated and purified by crystallization and†¦show more content†¦The magnesium and bromobenzene mixture in the flask did not become cloudy, even after the addition of a crystal of iodine. On the second attempt at synthesizing the Grignard, after adding a crystal of iodine to start the reaction, the mixture in the flask did begin to grow cloudy a nd small bubbles arose from the surface of the magnesium, indicating the start of the reaction. As the reaction progressed, the flask became increasingly cloudy and was slightly brownish in color from the iodine. Some bits of magnesium still remained at the bottom of the flask after about half an hour or 45 minutes, indicating that the Grignard reaction was not complete, but the benzophenone was added anyway due to time constraints. The solution became bright pink and after several minutes of swirling the flask at room temperature, it became a whitish pink color. The solution also became a thicker consistency, though it appeared to still be liquid for the most part. Because of this thick consistency, some of the product may have been lost when poured into the sulfuric acid/ice water solution, even with the addition of ether to try to rinse it out from the flask. After performing the extraction and washes, the triphenylmethanol, biphenyl, and ether solution appeared to be a clea r yellowish liquid. In performing the crystallization in the hood,Show MoreRelatedGrignard Reaction1125 Words   |  5 PagesLab #5: Grignard Reaction – Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol John Kang Chem 152L Performed: 7/20/04 Date submitted: ________________ Lab Partners: Sang Lee, Vicky Lai TA: John Stanko Abstract: This experiment explored the synthesis of triphenylmethanol through the use of Grignard reagents. The percent yield of the product was 10% on a relatively humid day. The melting point was calculate to be 127.2oC with a literature value of 162oC. An IR spectrum of the product was taken and usedRead MoreThe Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol3162 Words   |  13 Pagespurpose of this lab was to synthesize triphenylmethanol from benzophenone and bromobenzene by the formation of a Grignard compound with the reagents bromobenzene and magnesium metal. The bromobenzene was first transformed into the Grignard compound and was then reacted with the benzophenone to make the final product. The mixture was then mixed with sulfuric acid and the organic layer was extracted via a separatory funnel. The mixture was then recrystallized from methanol and was allowed to dry andRead MoreGrignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Lab Report Essay5146 Words   |  21 PagesThe Grignard Synthesis of Triphenylmethanol Organic Chemistry Lab II March 19, 2012 Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize the Grignard reagent, phenyl magnesium bromide, and then use the manufactured Grignard reagent to synthesize the alcohol, triphenylmethanol, by reacting with benzophenone and protonation by H3O+. The triphenylmethanol was purified by recrystallization. The melting point, Infrared Spectroscopy, 13C NMR, and 1H NMR were used to characterize and confirmRead MoreOrganic 2 Lab Report6389 Words   |  26 Pagesspectroscopy. The unknown ketone is from a homologous series of methyl ketones. CH3CO (CH2) nCH3 The first step in the lab is the preparation of the solvent used in the developing chamber for thin layer chromatography. The solvent used is a 3:1 mixture of toluene and petroleum. After the developing chamber is prepared, it is essential to begin preparation of the unknown DNPH derivative[6]. The preparation of the 1,2 DNPH derivative of a ketone is in fact a small organic synthesis which produces a fraction

Benchmarking Six Sigma Implementation

Question: Discuss about the Benchmarking Six Sigma Implementation. Answer: Introduction: For the Prime Systems Company, it has been seen that benchmarking is an important factor for the handling of the business process and the performance metrics. It includes the dimensions as well as the quality, time and cost. The process is based on the management to identify the best firms where the similar process exists to work on handling the target performance. (Goetsch et al., 2014). The benchmarking is important for measuring the performance with the specific indicator approach to handle the cost per-unit of measure, with productivity. The strategic management for the organisation is to evaluate the company process with the peer group that has been defined for the purpose. The improvement is set with the aim of increasing the performance to seek the improvement of practices. It ensures the levelling of the rod with the cost per unit of measure with productivity set for the cycle time of measure. (Pyzdek et al., 2014). There is a need to identify the problem with including the r esearch techniques as the focus groups or the in-depth marketing. The identification is for the similar process where the improvement is based on addiction treatment. The identification is for the leaders in the areas who look for the customers, suppliers, financial analysis and the trading associations. The technique for the product benchmarking is set with the minimised cost by applying the best technology which are set for the user expectations at the minimal cost. It applied to the analysis where there have been increased outsourcing to the companies. The process of the benchmarking is for the initiation of the firms which focus on the investigation of the business process with the goal to identify and observe the best practices. The financial benchmarking and the performance is to assess the overall competitiveness and productivity in the company. (Jacobs et al., 2015). Lean Six Sigma The lean six sigma is set based on the collaborative approach to improve the performance by handling the Prime Systems with the costs of the labour and other over processing and over production. It also works on the different parts where there is a need to handle the theory of constraints with the total productive maintenance. (Jacobs et al, 2014). The lean process is faster with the efficient and the economical pattern that delivers the satisfactory quality. The six sigma has been working on the method to reduce the defective products which have been manufactured or services. (Augusto et al., 2014). The increased revenue sets for the customer satisfaction with effective solution. The streamlined process is for enabling the organisation with the selling, manufacturing and then providing the products or the services with the use of lesser resources. The Six Sigma Benefits are related to the decreasing cost with the computers on the assembly line. It works on the removal of the waste f rom the process where the activity is set within the process. (Jesus et al., 2015). Business Process Change Benchmarking works on the corporate strategies with the possible performance to work on the designing of the products at the minimal cost. The data is obtained from the disassembling of the system where the analysis is carried out for the Mercedes, traveller as the major priority. The process is based on initiating the firm that focus on the strategic benchmarking with activity analysis. (McAdam et al., 2014). The financial benchmarking is designed to handle the performance with the results set for the overall competitiveness and the productivity of the system. The benchmarking has been done in the public sector where the tools are for the improvement and the innovation. Here, the performance is also based on allowing the initiator firm to properly handle the business process change. The benchmarking involves the establishment of the performance measures to develop a proper picture for the target market. (Shagluf et al., 2015). It is important to identify the customers with the speci fic needs that will help in improving the different perspectives. The product and the services are offered by the company to improve the business process where there is a need to control the operational costs with the decrease of response times for the orders. The use of the benchmark is for the change management with the ability to handle the transition staff for the operations. It will also provide the election to the address performance with the business intelligence through the benchmark research. (Gijo et al, 2014). The business process works on defining, measuring and analysing the problems which are for implementing the fix with the solving of the problems. Hence, for this, a proper control with the sustainability of improved results is important so that there is a control with the sustainability of improved results. (Andersson et al, 2014). The six sigma works on the increasing revenue with the reduction of the products or the service. The expansion of the sales force is set where the employees are closest to the actual work with the production of the product or the delivery that has been accounted to find or remove problems. (Albiwi et al., 2015). The consumer works on the lean six sigma that helps the business by the delivering products with the decreasing returns. The financial services are for the budgets to continue and improve the collaboration with the organisation. How have organisations worked on improving the process? The organisation has been able to improve the process with the improvement in the internal performance of the data. This mainly comes with the variety of the sources as well as the industry benchmark performance. (Chiarini et al., 2014). The production measures are then compared to the competitor data which is set through the trading publications. The products and the service performance is based on the customers who focus on the groups, surveys and the interviews. The standards are set for providing the justification for change. (Prashar, 2016). Hence, the improvement is through the dynamic force with the election to address the performance deficiencies through the research that can drive the internal changes. The benchmarking focus on the company to company comparisons where the materials are purchased and the suppliers are also paid for the inventories with their management. The process includes the return on the net assets, satisfaction of the customer, revenue per employee, qual ity and the asset utilization with capacity management. (Douglas et al., 2015). The defining of the best practices is with the internal benchmarking that involves the process with the plant. It also works on handling the location with providing the opportunities for developing a breakthrough of the strategies for the particular industry. (Lucato et al., 2015). Apply Benchmarking to current organisation For the Prime Systems, the company is working on the validation and the normalisation of the data. it is through the development with the management of the planning and the implementation of improvement actions. The learning points need to be ascertained with the development and communication of the action plan. (Singman et al., 2015). The realisation is for holding the performance improvement process which has been embedded with organisation. The primary goal of the company is to work on the improvement of the current performance with the high tech users to handle the market. With this, the organisation also works on adjusting the strategy with the clear reality and vision of future. (Outpatients et al, 2014). In the Prime Systems, we have started the company with a goal to target the most profitable sector, which had been changed as per requirement and data obtained from the market research, considering the benchmarking concepts. The status of the company was analysed compared to o ther competitors in the market. This resulted in the change in decisions in the later parts of the company simulation. The motive of the company, which was to maximize the profit, did not change, but the approach to achieve the same has changed over the duration of companys working. The products launched by the Prime Systems has also been modified for the benchmarking and to meet market demand. The benchmarking of the products was done in comparison to other similar products of different companies, and modification in the specification was done. The ads created for the products of Prime Systems were also changed accordingly. The benchmarking concept has been applied in the change in ads as well, which were checked for specifications and their mention in the ads. The cash flow has seen to be improved with the changes made, and company performance has improved over the quarters. The companies stand in the scenario and profile of the company as compared to others in the same filed has seen improvement as well. Due to this improvement, the progress of the company has been calculated, and benefits has been provided to employees and workers as well. This has resulted in better and improved efficiency of the employees and workers. New work places and manufacturing units has been opened to achieve the same. The profit of the company has improved by this change in the business process. The benchmarking has, thus, proved to be a beneficial concept in the simulation of Prime Systems. The long term plans are for the organisational performance where the competitive performance and customer satisfaction is important that will help in improving and achieving a better performance. The implementation is based on the long and the short term plans with better operational standards where there is a need to put in the effort with vital information about the different practices. (Albiwi et al., 2015). The managers need to determine and prioritize the opportunities for the improveme nt to enhance the performance with relative customer expectations. The organisations get the benefits which include the labour costs as well as the improvement of the system through the consolidation and the cooperative business planning. The restructuring is through the target roles, process and the critical success factors. It works on processes with quality programs and operations improvement effort. The management change also handles the operations with ventures to rethink and compete with the existing strategies. (Fadly et al, 2013). The internal benchmarking is for analysing and identifying the activities to hold the direct competitors with the drivers who are able to evaluate the company with the strengthening and the weakening of the competition. The benchmark also focusses on the roles, process and the strategic issues which can be used for the establishment of the functions. For the better network, there have been company research to implement the goals and the objectives. It is imperative to follow and gather the consistent information where the data needs to be interpreted in order to make better comparisons with the other organisations. (Chiarini, 2013). The benchmarking is with the skills management with the business strategy alignment to handle the costs, with the increased productive and quality to strengthen the customer service. Reference Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Pyzdek, T. and Keller, P.A., 2014.The six sigma handbook(p. 25). McGraw-Hill Education. Augusto Cauchick Miguel, P. and Monteiro de Carvalho, M., 2014. Benchmarking Six Sigma implementation in services companies operating in an emerging economy.Benchmarking: An International Journal,21(1), pp.62-76. Jacobs, B.W., Swink, M. and Linderman, K., 2015. Performance effects of early and late Six Sigma adoptions.Journal of Operations Management,36, pp.244-257. Arumugam, V., Antony, J. and Linderman, K., 2014. A multilevel framework of Six Sigma: A systematic review of the literature, possible extensions, and future research.The Quality Management Journal,21(4), p.36. Jesus, A.R.D., Antony, J., Lepikson, H.A. and Cavalcante, C.A.M.T., 2015. Key observations from a survey about Six Sigma implementation in Brazil.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,64(1), pp.94-111. McAdam, R., Antony, J., Kumar, M. and Hazlett, S.A., 2014. Absorbing new knowledge in small and medium-sized enterprises: A multiple case analysis of Six Sigma.International Small Business Journal,32(1), pp.81-109. Shagluf, A., Longstaff, A.P. and Fletcher, S., 2015. A Preliminary Study of Applying Lean Six Sigma Methods to Machine Tool Measurement. Andersson, R., Hilletofth, P., Manfredsson, P. and Hilmola, O.P., 2014. Lean Six Sigma strategy in telecom manufacturing.Industrial Management Data Systems,114(6), pp.904-921. Prashar, A., 2016. Six Sigma adoption in public utilities: a case study.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,27(5-6), pp.479-506. Shagluf, A., Longstaff, A.P. and Fletcher, S., 2015. A Preliminary Study of Applying Lean Six Sigma Methods to Machine Tool Measurement. Douglas, A., Douglas, J. and Ochieng, M.J., 2015. Lean Six Sigma in East Africa: Findings from a Pilot Study. InProceedings of the 19th ICIT Conference. Gijo, E.V. and Scaria, J., 2014. Process improvement through Six Sigma with Beta correction: a case study of manufacturing company.The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,71(1-4), pp.717-730. Fadly Habidin, N. and Mohd Yusof, S.R., 2013. Critical success factors of Lean Six Sigma for the Malaysian automotive industry.International Journal of Lean Six Sigma,4(1), pp.60-82. Albliwi, S.A., Antony, J. and Lim, S.A.H., 2015. A systematic review of Lean Six Sigma for the manufacturing industry.Business Process Management Journal,21(3), pp.665-691. Breslin, S.E., Hamilton, K.M. and Paynter, J., 2014. Deployment of lean six sigma in care coordination: an improved discharge process.Professional case management,19(2), pp.77-83. Lucato, W.C., Vieira Jnior, M. and Santos, J.C.D.S., 2015. Eco-Six Sigma: integration of environmental variables into the Six Sigma technique.Production Planning Control,26(8), pp.605-616. Chiarini, A., 2013. Relationships between total quality management and Six Sigma inside European manufacturing companies: a dedicated survey.International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management,11(2), pp.179-194. Singman, E.L., Haberman, C.V., Appelbaum, J., Tian, J., Shafer, K., Toerper, M., Katz, S., Kelsay, M., Boland, M.V., Greenbaum, M. and Adelman, R., 2015. Electronic Tracking of Patients in an Outpatient Ophthalmology Clinic to Improve Efficient Flow: A Feasibility Analysis and Benchmarking Study.Quality Management in Healthcare,24(4), pp.190-199. Andersson, R., Manfredsson, P. and Hilletoft, P., 2014, May. Lean Six Sigma strategy: A case study from Sweden. International Conference on Technology Innovation and Industrial Management. Chiarini, A. and Vagnoni, E., 2014. A proposed audit pattern for the shop-floor processes in TQM, Lean Six Sigma and ISO 9001 environments.International Journal of Services and Operations Management,18(2), pp.159-178. Jacobs, F.R., Chase, R.B. and Lummus, R.R., 2014.Operations and supply chain management. McGraw-Hill Education.

Space Propulsion Essays (2597 words) - Rocket Propulsion

Space Propulsion RESEARCH I/II LARRY PECAN FINAL REPORT 9-27-98 INTRODUCTION The following is a research project on Space Vehicle Propulsion. It shall consist of four sections, each discussing specific topics. Section One lays out the basic ideas of rocketry. Section Two compares Rocket Propulsion Systems, and shows the basis for the comparison. It also shows how each specific Rocket System works and Section Three gives a description of how Space Propulsion has evolved and contains a conclusion. SECTION 1 The Basics Section One is a brief description of the basic properties of Rocket Systems. It defines the key terms and shows how a basic rocket works. It also shows the State if The Art. I have chosen to do my project on space vehicle propulsion. Basically, this means that my research shall be based primarily on rocketry. Rocketry is a way of propulsion that has developed in numerous ways since it was first used to propel fireworks in the 16th century. It has emerged into an extremely complicated science that few actually understand. Most space rocketry in America is used in NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Association) space projects. NASA, a government association that focuses on space exploration, is the main user of rocket technology. It is used mostly to power their satellites and shuttles into space. Pushing an object that weighs as much as a space shuttle does directly vertical until escaping the Earth's atmosphere requires a tremendous amount of power. This is why NASA uses rockets. Rockets are essentially the most powerful forms of propulsion there is today. Space Vehicle Propulsion is based rocket engines. The basic principle of rocket engine is that when fuel is burned in the engine, the reaction mass is expelled at high speeds. As a result of Newton's law of action and reaction this pushes the vehicle in the opposite direction of the one in which the reaction mass is moving. Thrust is the force that the engine exerts on all space behind it in order to ?push? the vehicle forward. Efficiency is the way that the quality of rocket engines is measured by. It is measured by the time it takes for one kilogram of propellant to create one kilogram of thrust. The goal of my research is to find out what makes these engines more efficient. In rocketry, the state of the art is extremely hard to define, since there are so many different forms of rocketry ranging from liquid propellant rockets to fireworks. The state of the art though is probably nuclear powered rockets. It is much more efficient because it does not use chemical combustion like most rockets do. Instead NFRRs (Nuclear Fission Reactor Rockets) heat hydrogen in a fission reactor which expels the propellant at blistering speeds. Much research is being done with NFRRs. They are still highly experimental because of the dangers that could be associated with them. The NERVA (Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application) was one of the most extensive NFRR research projects, however it failed because of the inability figure out an approach to putting the research into a developmental stage. SECTION 2 Specific Rocket Propulsion Systems Section One has laid the foundation for further research in the are of rocketry. Section two shall discuss properties of efficiency in more depth, it shall lay out the types of rockets in existence now. It shall also show which type of rocket is the most efficient. After this section, the next one shall describe how the reasons for these specific rockets efficiency and depending on the outcome of that report, the topic of the fourth shall be decided. EFFICIENCY Efficiency is the most important part of my research as yet. Since the object of my research is to find out which type of rockets are the most efficient and why, the reader of this paper must have a basic understanding of efficiency. Once this is established, new definitions will come into play, all of these shall be crucial in the understanding of the paper. Terms Needed To Understand Efficiency G- a unit of acceleration [equal to 9.8 meters/second/second (accelerating at a pace of 9.8 meters per second every second)] Specific Impulse (Isp)- A measurement in seconds of efficiency. Properties of Efficiency Efficiency is the most accurate indicator of rockets performance. As stated in the aforementioned definitions, specific impulse is the basic

IRVING Surname Meaning and Family History

IRVING Surname Meaning and Family History The Irving surname generally  originated as a geographical surname, indicating someone who was from Irving, the name of a historic parish in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, or from Irvine in Strathclyde, Scotland.   It may also be a variant of Irvine, a habitational surname for someone from Irvine in Ayrshire, which is named for the  river Irvine that originates in Ayrshire and flows through Dumfriesshire, from the Welsh ir, yr,  meaning green or fresh, and afon, meaning water.   Surname Origin: Scottish, English Alternate Surname Spellings: IRVINE, IRVIN, IRWIN, IRWINE, URVINE, ERWIN, ERWINE, ERVING Where in the World is the IRVING Surname Found? While it originated in Scotland, the Irving surname is now most prevalent in the United States, according to surname distribution data from Forebears. However, it is more common, based on percentage of population, in Jamaica, followed by Micronesia, Isle of Man, Scotland, New Zealand, Taiwan and England. Within Scotland, Irving is still most common in Dumfriesshire, where it originated, ranking as the 3rd most popular surname in that area at the time of the 1881 census. The Irving surname is also popular in the Cumbria and Northumberland counties of England, according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, followed by the Dumfries and Galloway council district in Scotland. It is also more common in Canada than in the United States, especially in Nova Scotia.   Famous People with the Last Name IRVING Sir Henry Irving -  British stage actor during the Victorian eraT. B. (Thomas Ballantyne) Irving  - publisher of the first American English translation of the QuranThomas Irving - Union navy sailor during the U.S. Civil War; recipient of the Medal of Honor for helping to rescue his grounded shipEdward Irving - Scottish clergymanWashington Irving - American author  best known for his short stories Rip Van Winkle (1819) and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow (1820). Genealogy Resources for the Surname IRVING Clan IrwinLearn about the history of this ancient Scottish border clan, plus upcoming events and tours. Clan Irwin Surname DNA StudyTradition recorded in the 17th century claims that the Irvines or Irvings of Eskdale and Bonshaw (in Dumfriesshire, in the Scottish Borders),  Castle Irvine (in Co.  Fermanagh,  in Ulster), Drum and Marr (in Aberdeenshire), Mearns (Kincardineshire), Orkney and Perthshire were all descended from a single ancestor, who was also the progenitor of the kings of Scotland from 1034 to 1286.  This study, with over 400 members, aims to use Y-DNA testing to sort out the various family branches. Most Common Scottish Surnames and their MeaningsCampbell, Stewart, Wilson, Reid, MacDonald... Are you one of the millions of  individuals of  Scottish ancestry sporting one of these top common last names from Scotland?   Irving Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as an Irving  family crest or coat of arms for the Irving surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. FamilySearch - IRVING GenealogyExplore over 400,000 historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Irving surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website, hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. IRVING Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Vanderbilt surname. DistantCousin.com - IRVING Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Irving. The Irving Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the popular last name Irving from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Top Research Paper Topics 2013 for College

Top Research Paper Topics 2013 for College Top Research Paper Topics 2013 for College First of all, in order to write a good research paper, you have to understand well what kind of task it is. So, research papers differ from typical essays a little bit. They are longer and require some research work to collect useful information which you can use for your paper. It may sound strange, but the most difficult task for some people is choosing the topic. Actually, its quite normal. If the topic was chosen by your teacher, you have no other choice than to accept it and use it for your research paper. On the other hand, when you have to choose your topic yourself, you can be confused and have trouble choosing the one you really like and interested in. Lets try to do it together. Talking about topics that are relevant in 2013, you can think of everything that happened this year and choose the event that impressed you most. Was it a military conflict in the Middle East? You can analyze the political situation in Syria, Egypt, Afghanistan etc. Also, you may try to find a way out of all the problems in these countries. Maybe the new iPhone 5S is a far more appealing topic for you? Write a paper about modern technology, speaking about how it changed our everyday life, including all the advantages and disadvantages these gadgets have. Are you interested in economy? If yes, you can write about the financial problems in various countries, connecting this factor to financial crisis of 2007-2008. Try to analyze all the opinions on how to cope with such kind of problem and present them in your paper. Actually, there are topics that are relevant, no matter what year it is now. Lets take discrimination. We all seem to be well-educated, polite people without bias against any social group, be it homosexuals, people of different race, religion or gender. However, the problem still remains serious in many countries. Another topic to dwell on is obesity. Is there any way people can eat both delicious and healthy food? Do fast-food restaurants sell junk-food? Is it worth being a vegetarian? In addition, talk about environmental problems and possible ways to make our impact on nature less harmful. There should be some ways to protect rain forests in Brazil, or use alternative power sources (solar or wind energy), use bicycles instead of cars, save electricity and so on. Choosing a topic is just the first step to completing your paper. If you find it too difficult to cope with, or you are pressed for time, you can always rely on our academic writing service for help. We are always ready to lend you a helping hand. At research paper service you have a great opportunity to order a custom written paper online. High quality and plagiarism-free guarantee!

Company Sustainability CritiquBMO Financial Group Essay

Company Sustainability CritiquBMO Financial Group - Essay Example The third generation corporate social responsibility enveloped everything and every activity an organization is involved in or can be involved. This included the credibility of the processes and practices, reporting and measuring, integration of various disciplines, sustainable financial development, developing sustainable values and systems, strategies and visions of the organization and its overall structure. It included stakeholders and sustainability of environment and business. This critique is primarily based on the â€Å"2010 Corporate Responsibility Report and Public Accountability Statement†. The organization has been keeping track of each and every aspect of business that can directly or indirectly affect the community, environment and stakeholders. This has been identified as a major strategic vision for the sustainability of the business. The organization claims to evaluate each and every aspect of the business decision and the probable impact on the communities an d the major stakeholder of the same. The company is involved in integrating ESG (environmental, social and governance) factors in all its activities from financial to corporate citizenship3. In this direction, the organization has started publishing detailed corporate responsibility report. It provides information on each decision taken by the company and the probable impact on the environment to its major stakeholders4. Company Sustainability BMO is recognized for the corporate responsibility. There are various indexes and reports of various organizations that have supported the credibility and position of the company on various corporate governance and ethical issues. The company has been recognized for its corporate social responsibility by the esteemed performance indexes like Dow Jones sustainability North America Index, Jantzi Social Index, FTSE4Good Series Index, Jantzi Maclean’s and Corporate Knights’ Magazine (2003-2007) fifty most responsible corporation in C anada. The company has committed to its corporate responsibility and sustainability objectives. The company has identified various areas with sustainability challenges and collaboration where bank can intervene and work towards maintaining sustainability. Company has incorporated the sustainability objectives to its core values, governance structures and code of the conduct. The business policies are developed and implemented within the sphere of the corporate responsibility and sustainability objectives. Company has been consistently involved in the projects and activities that can add value to the sustainability objectives. Governance and Ethics The organization has evolved FirstPrinciples for all the employees that provides them an opportunity or authorizes them to report any incident or aspect that can be against the code of conduct of the business. There are various employees issues like conflict of interests, mishandling of staff by their seniors and other petty issues. Howeve r there has been handful of incidents reported. There can not be any question on the validity of these rights as company has ensured the confidentiality and anonymity to all the employees reporting any issue. Company is committed for the consistent monitoring of regulatory changes and best practices of corporate governance. The timely audit and the feedbacks allow them evaluating the governance practices along with the best practices of

HR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

HR - Essay Example HR has immense value for a business. In fact, nothing in a business is as important as HR. The development, profitability, and success of a business fundamentally relies upon the ideas, concepts, and strategic management of the people involved in it. Poor management of one individual can ruin a business worth billions of dollars. Likewise, good leadership can make the business grow by leaps and bounds, and take it to the next level with every passing day. HR is the most valuable asset for any business. I have been having personal experience with the HR function of a business since I have been employed. I could experience the HR function right from my very first day at job. As I reached the office, I was led by the HR Manager to my room. The HR Manager made sure I was provided with a telephone, computer, and an Internet connection in my office. The HR Manager made me aware of my job responsibilities, and my daily, weekly, and monthly objectives. Since the HR Manager was helping me understand things and be facilitated in all ways, he was managing me. My experience with the HR function of my company has so far been both positive and negative at different points in time. For example, in the start, I was led by the HR Manager who explained me everything, and provided me with all the necessities for accommodation, which was surely a good experience. However, I was not paid until the third month of my service. In addition, I was not paid for the first fifteen days of my service since I had joined from the middle of month. This was a bad experience. In my judgment, the responsibility of HR Management in a business depends upon the size of a business and the extent to which it is developed. Small businesses usually have a General Manager (GM) who also performs the duties of an HR Manager along with his/her duties as a GM. However, large businesses have separate Human Resources Departments, with a proper

Managing Knowledge and Learning Essay Example for Free

Managing Knowledge and Learning Essay Managing Knowledge and Learning at NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Summary National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was established by Congress on October 1, 1958, in order for the United States to keep up with the technological advancements achieved from former Soviet Union’s successful launch of the Sputnik (1957). The Apollo Era-Mission had risen from the support of John F. Kennedy’s goal, which was â€Å"landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to Earth. † Prioritization at NASA evolved into the center’s motto of â€Å"Faster, Better, Cheaper† (FBC), which was mandated in the Goldin Era beginning in 1992. NASA shifted priorities from: 1) performance, 2) schedule and 3) cost to 1) increase mission performance, 2) cut cost and 3) work force reduction. However, this reform was not as successful as planned. From 1992 and 2000, six of 16 FBC missions failed. To address concern of the impact of failed missions and impending retirements of many of the most experienced NASA employees, Congress enforced that the agency search for the solution to Knowledge Management (KM) and promoting learning initiatives at NASA-JPL. NASA’s KM tools were mainly IT systems of Internet-based databases and portals for ease of lessons. The NASA KM crisis was attributed to the organization’s inability to document experiences of failures and successes of missions or projects; ultimately incapable of capturing the â€Å"experiential knowledge† from expert engineers and scientists. In addition, this lack in KM was due to â€Å"privatizing knowledge† and promoting creativity, that stemmed from NASA’s culture where competition among centers for projects and funding was the norm. Several KM Initiatives were developed including project libraries for document and data management, developing standards, establishing databases to find experts, ask technical questions, and to capture history and legacy reviews. 1) What were the pros and cons of the â€Å"Faster, Better, Cheaper† model? How might outcomes (both positive and negative) of projects executed with this model impact NASA’s stakeholders, i. e. Congress and the general public? The â€Å"Faster, Better, and Cheaper (FBC)† objectives were to cut cost and maximize mission performance. There were several advantages of the FBC reform. FBC allowed compressed development and launch schedules that lead to an increase in the number of missions. Mission time could be reduced from decades to a few years. The number of NASA projects increased from four to 40 under the FBC model. An increase in mission projects was thought to lead to additional discoveries so that NASA could gain further wisdom and space knowledge. FBC missions were changed from one big project to multiple smaller projects. Dividing the program into smaller projects helped to minimize the pressure and stress on the team if a mission failed. Furthermore, one mission failure did not consequently lead to the failure of the entire program. FBC practice allowed senior managers more freedom to implement FBC the way they found fit which promoted creativity and autonomy among senior managers. FBC also reduced the cost of each mission and NASA’s overall budget. For example, the Mars program budget was reduced from one billion dollars to $260 million. There are numerous disadvantages of the FBC reform. Applying the FBC model could lead to more mission failures. During the FBC era, there were 6 failed missions out of 16 FBC missions. Cost and schedule constraints, insufficient risk assessment, planning, and testing, underestimation of complexity and technology maturity, inattention of quality and safety, inadequate review processes, engineering, under-trained staff, poor team communication, and design errors all attributed to NASA’s mission failures. Projects conducted â€Å"faster† does not allow for adequate documentation, time for redlining the project, and recording lessons learned from one mission to the next. This could result in repeated mistakes that could be avoided by future missions. Missions carried out faster do not allow time for mentorship and sharing of knowledge. Also, the term â€Å"better† was not properly defined and was open to interpretation, which may negatively impact maintaining standard procedures and processes. The results of the FBC vision could impact NASA’s stakeholders in several ways. The increase in smaller successful missions would alleviate the risk of one large failure, although any failures will have a negative impact on stakeholders. Congress could be discouraged to provide support and funding for major space programs if they fail but might be more likely to fund smaller missions. The public could either lose or gain confidence, support, and belief in the space program depending on the magnitude of success or failure. FBC mission are less expensive which would decrease NASA’s budget and help satisfy both Congress and the general public by reducing the need for extra taxation by Congress and collection of taxes from the general public. 2) Why was the Mars Pathfinder project so successful? Explain how Anthony Spears management style impacted future missions. Project management was the key to success of the Mars Pathfinder project. It began as an experiment to test the validity of the FBC reform mandated in 1992 when Daniel Goldin was assigned as the new administrator of NASA. A clear and specific plan for the Pathfinder mission was laid out in the beginning and followed through until the end. Analogous to the success of Cisco’s ERP implementation, Anthony Spears, an excellent manager and thought leader with years of experience at NASA, gained the support of top management and the JPL institution (Spears, 1999). Spears developed a unique balance of an advisory committee of experts to support and guide the difficult project, while he recruited talented, yet naive, energetic youngster’s to do what some more experienced people thought impossible. As Spears writes in his lessons learned report it was â€Å"†¦a blend of bright, ambitious youth and scarred old timers, each challenged and empowered, all working each issue together † (1999). Together, they created a team that bonded and worked together successfully. Spears’ goal was not only the success of the Pathfinder project, but of the FBC program success, unlike the vision of future project managers. The success of Pathfinder did not translate well in future FBC missions. Risk management and testing were important to the Mars Pathfinder success. While the Mars Pathfinder team worked together successfully, the younger players went on to think they were great project managers themselves, but still hadn’t learned enough to manage their next missions successfully. In future FBC projects, some reasons for failure were poor team communication, inadequate or under-trained staff or insufficient testing in 70% of missions and insufficient risk assessment and planning on 86% of missions (exhibit 4). 3) One of the major issues in this case is the retirements of experts. Why is this a problem for NASA? Would it be less of a problem in a different type of organization? Suggest immediate steps that NASA could take to mitigate the problem. Explain your choices. By 2006 half of NASA’s workforce was eligible for retirement which could lead to a major loss of knowledge, especially tacit information, diminishing the collective wisdom of the organization. A senior manager at NASA states, â€Å"we have no formal process for transferring knowledge† from thought leaders to new managers and IT systems had not yet been sufficient in transferring â€Å"experiential knowledge† to the younger generation. Unfortunately, this would be true in many organizations unless they had sufficient knowledge management systems in place and a culture where sharing knowledge was valued and encouraged. In order to mitigate the problem of losing their knowledge base, NASA not only needs to continue to implement their KM strategy, but truly change the culture. Experienced project leaders and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), such as design engineers, should openly share their knowledge and not just when asked for it. I support several of the planned KM initiatives such as the capture of information by improving documentation, development of an enterprise web-based portal, and the Knowledge Sharing Initiative (KSI) aimed at changing the companies’ culture. In addition to these activities, an exit strategy could be developed for retiring employees where they must follow standard procedures for employing case-based reasoning in an online database employing a searchable classification system. Additional knowledge could be disseminated by those eligible through training sessions. A reward system should be coupled to these exit requirements and could be increased if the employee decides to be available in the Expert Connections directory of SME’s that could be contacted for support after they leave. New positions might need to be created for dedicated knowledge managers such as Chief knowledge officers. It’s also possible that NASA could obtain some replacement of lost experts by collaborating with space programs in other countries. Collecting the information from experts must be coupled with management support of a corporate wide schema to store the data, methods of dissemination, and apply the information to ultimately make better decisions on projects that involve risking people’s lives. 4) Jean Holm had two options she could choose from: 1) upgrade the IT systems or, 2) change the culture. Which would you choose and why? Is there a third option? Explain your answer. In order for Holm’s to truly have a successful knowledge management system in place, implementation of a hybrid system should be in place; enforcing both upgrade to IT systems occurring simultaneously with changing the private culture into a shared one. Integration of both, changing the culture and IT upgrades will be a lengthy process so it would be critical to first strategically plan for cultivating and managing formal processes for knowledge transfers. Implementing formal processes such as required protocols, reports, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and work instructions for each mission or project should be enforced from every high-level management as it might help with the KM transfer crisis. Once every item has been completed by the high-level management it would be placed into the appropriate IT systems database in conjunction with the integration of the required knowledge management video synopsis from experienced engineers and scientist who exit the centers. Curriculums would be in place with learning modules with specific need encapsulating these protocols, reports, SOPs, work instructions and video synopsis would then be posted on the intranet, ready for the potential novice engineers and scientists entering the NASA work force; making the system more enriched and meaningful. 5) President Obama is implementing changes to NASA’s charter, which will create new ways of funding/executing projects than NASA is used to. Do a little online research. Do you agree or disagree in this change of direction? Explain. Caution; this is not to be addressed as a political issue) The Obama administration’s new NASA charter includes a couple of key parts: A) In February 2010, the Obama administration canceled the Constellation Program, which was started by former President George W. Bushs administration in 2004. This program aimed to put US astronauts back on the moon by 2020, for the first time since the final Apollo mission. B) In April 2 010, Obama proposed increasing NASA’s overall budget by about $6 billion over five years and shifting NASA’s aim for manned space program to Mars (from the moon). By the mid 2030s, I believe we can send humans to orbit Mars and return them safely to Earth. And landing on Mars will follow, he said. C) He also challenged the commercial space industry to take up the routine tasks that NASA would abandon – such as ferrying astronauts to and from the space station. I do not agree with him on the part A and Part B of the new charter. The Constellation Program is already 5 year old, and has spent $9. 1 billion. It has already made significant progress and will help America maintaining its space leadership position over Russia and China. On the other hand, I think that it will set a foundation for manned space mission to Mars. Obama’s vision of manned mission to Mars by mid-2030 does not seem realistic to me as he has not talked about its technology feasibility. However, I do agree with his plan’s Part C. I think that it will significantly reduce the cost for transporting people and cargo to and from low-Earth orbit, and might induce the rise of a true space economy.

Attitude is a Learned Behavior Essay -- Psychology Essays

Attitude is a Learned Behavior Attitude is a learned behavior that can be changed based on the individuals choice and wiliness to change. The Webster’s New World Dictionary defines attitude in three different ways; first is a bodily posture showing mood or action, second is a manner showing one’s feeling or thoughts and third is one’s disposition. In General Attitudes are the feelings and thoughts you have about yourself and how you interact with other people. Attitude plays apart of everything in society’s life, from taking your first steps, going to high school, choosing a college, getting a job and choosing a mate. If attitude makes us who we are, gives us our character, then the question I purpose to you is, can you really get an â€Å"attitude adjustment† or is our attitude defined at birth? For centuries, people have been intrigued with the question of what is human about human nature. How much of people’s characteristics and attitudes comes from â€Å"nature† (heredity, unable to change) or how much is from â€Å"nurture† (the social environment, contact with others) and the ability to change. It is for certain that physical and mental abilities are established by heredity, such as ability at sports and mathematics. As well as the color of your eyes, the size of your nose and your mother’s freckles. While such basic orientations to life, like your attitude, are the result of the environment one lives in and thus fore can be changed. So, what about the nurture side of the equation, or the environment that gives us our attitude? Culture is a system of ideas about the nature of the world and how people should behave in it that it shares—and shared uniquely—by members of a community, that continually judges ones actions, hen... ... that attitude can be changed or at least influenced by our environment. Our attitude is a learned behavior that can be changed by the individual’s choice to make that change. I agree that a person’s attitude begins with their own personal feelings, values, and beliefs, but the knowledge of the values and norms of our culture also can define who we can be or should be. After all, if a person couldn’t change their attitude, then how could they grow and learn or just simply adapt to ones environment. For some parts of life, the blueprint is drawn by heredity; but for other parts, the individual is a blank slate, and it is entirely up to the individual to change what is written on that slate. You alone can make your density great by doing on simple thing â€Å"getting an attitude adjustment†. Attitude is your life, yours affects everybody and everybody’s affects you.

As a Head Nurse Essay

We all must experience have responsibilities beyond our expectation and limitation as we can improve ourselves every now and then. Responsibilities are just within our shoulders as we go on with our lives we add more on to it due to the things we learn and experience and simply being a student nurse responsibility is already on our shoulders as we gained knowledge in every step of the way. As a student nurse, knowledge is easy to get as we experience, learn, read and study. But every knowledge comes with great responsibility, which is to help and share it to others who are innocent about specifically toward to their health. Experiencing being a student head nurse is good as it adds my capabilities to manage my time, and my staff nurses. I have been a leader for some time now but I need more experience to be better than before. I am not at my best now as leader as I haven’t yet experienced every problem and responsibilities but I want to get better than I am now. Being a leader is hard because responsibilities weighs more than you expect, for your time, group and for yourself. But as I experience it once, twice or more to it, it is very helpful due to that I improve from before. Finding myself being a student head nurse is part of being a student but when I experience it was a little hard because I have difficulty at first in coping because it is my first time to lead a group in ER but I can manage. I was a little bit of loss for a minute on how to manage my time but I made a time table on the different things I have to manage from the start towards the end likely checking the works of my group mates and reminding them of the different responsibilities they have to prioritize first on the certain time. I was at ease because I felt blessed that my group mates work with less supervision and questions as the before group mates I have had. Some take initiatives for the different assigned work for our report. They manage to finish it on time and we communicate well. They also show respect with it comes to work as they call me â€Å"ma’am†, which I am not used to, during our shift of duty. I also was glad that I experience new and improved group mates. The things that I experienced as a leader was uncountable and unforgettable, due that I experienced new in every leadership that I account for. Responsibilities are just at our forefront and the moment we move forward it comes our way so we must be ready, so every experience that we take, took it as learning and a good endeavor to become a good leader not for other people but also for yourself.

Describe the different forms of disguise and deception that feature in Shakespeare’s ‘Twelfth Night’

For this essay I shall try and describe the different forms of disguise and deception which appear in ‘Twelfth Night'. The elements of both disguise and deception are both very important to the play, they bring confusion between the characters which add to the comical tones of the play. The main thought that we, the reader think of would be Viola's physical disguise as a male ‘Cesario' which is one of the central plots that contribute to the comedy of the play. The thought of a male dressing up as a female (and vice versa) is increadibly funny to us today. This would work especially well on a stage, where the full impact of seeing someone trying to accumulate the characteristics of the opposite gender would hit the audience. Yet, because in Shakespeare's day, the female parts were played by boy actors, the original Elizabethan audience would have found a special sophistication in the part of Viola – which would have been a boy, dressing up as a woman, who in the play dresses up as a man. As confusing as it may seem, it does enable the audience to understand more of the situation when either Olivia or Orsino are on stage. It is also these situations which cause a lot of disruption and confusion which make up the plot. In ‘Twelfth Night' disguise and deception are the key feature in the more comical scenes. A good example of this is the humiliation of Malvolio, who is unknowingly decieved into thinking that Olivia is in love with him by Maria, Sir Toby and Sir Andrew Aguecheek. The audience would have found this hilarious in Shakespeare's day because Malvolio embodied all the attributes of a solem strict puritan, which the fun loving Elizabethan audience hated. There is no real sympathy felt for Malvolio at all in the play because of this, and the audience would have seen the mistreatment of Malvolio as their own retribution for how the puritans controlled their lives. Malvolio is further humiliated a few scenes later when Feste (The Clown) dresses up as Sir Topaz, the Curate, and taunts the Emotionaly drained and locked up Malvolio. Whilst Malvolio was a good figure for deception, another good example would be Sir Andrew Aguecheek who is tricked both into also believing that he as well has a chance with Olivia and also Being tricked into a duel with ‘Cesario' by Sir Toby. However when Sebastian comes on the scene, he is mistaken for ‘Cesario' by Sir Toby and Sir Andrew, and unlike ‘Cesario', Sebastian wasn't afraid to defend himself, and Sir Toby's plan backfires. While it is easy just to think of how phsyical disguises deceive a person's perception, some of the character's in ‘Twelfth Night' are deceived about their true natures. Viola's disguise as a male ‘Cesario' enables her to work undetected in Duke Orsino's Court as his messenger. ‘Cesario' is drawn into a love triangle and falls in love with Orsinio, yet is somehow happy to ‘Woo' Lady Olivia for him regardless of his/her feelings. However, the play gets even more confusing when Olivia Falls in love with ‘Cesario' and begins to actively persue him. Although the possibility that Olivia may be in love with a woman is more upsetting to the tradtional structure. While Shakespeare's audience excused it as a case of mistaken identity, a modern audience may think it might have been something more. Olivia's attraction lies in the more feminine qualities of ‘Cesario' like his ‘Angry lip' or ‘Beautiful Scorn'. This creates a debate among modern audiences of whether Olivia suspected or maybe even knew ‘Cesario's' true gender, yet chose to love him/her anyway. Here Shakespeare is challenging the status quo as this challenges the traditonal role of the male being dominant in courtship and shows Olivia obtaining the role of ‘The Woo-er'. As a result of this, Viola is unable to express her love for Orsino – for fear of rejection and therefore she is now trapped in a web of deception. Alternitively Viola's Disguise as ‘Cesario' was necessary for her survival to pass undetected in Duke Orsino's court. Another example of a character using disguise as a means for survival is Antonio, who is in hiding from his enemy Duke Orsino and risks his life by helping Sebastian. Some Characters in ‘Twelfth Night' are deceived about their true natures. A good example of this is how Olivia adopts the pretence of mourning for her brother and father's death. Although the audience is unsure whether this is actually a pretence because losing close family members is very traumatic, however Olivia takes this trauma to the extreme and vows that she will mourn for seven years and for that time no one shall see her face. Alternitively, Her feelings may be a pretence that she feels that mourning for that amount of time is the ‘noble' thing to do, or it's what is expected of her. Olivia's true emotions and intentions are disguised behind a pretence, outer appearence or attitude. These same feelings, however are soon discarded when she meets ‘Cesario'. This kind of extreme emotion links very closely to how the Duke Orsino deludes himself that he is in love with Olivia. In the first scene we are introduced to his feelings about Olivia when he is listening to music in his court ‘If music be the food of love,play on- give me excess of it' however his mood soon changes and he makes the music stop. This shows a very fickle side to the Duke and also mirrors how at the end of the play his feelings for Olvivia turn into a murderous rage ‘I'll sacrafice the lamb that I do love, To spite a raven's heart within a dove. ‘ We believe Orsino's deception of his true nature lies in his ‘self love' and he is actually in love with the thought of being in love, rather than for seeking a relationship. Another good example of a character deceiving their true nature is when Malvolio is duped into the role of Olivia's suitor and changes from his old puritanical self into a smiling ‘courtier'. He changes both his appearence and attitude because he thinks he is doing so for Olivia and even Malvolio's yellow stockings and cross garters are a masquerade. The dramatic convention of disguise creates uncertainties of the meaning and emotions throughout the play. A good example would be the lover's in ‘Twelfth Night' who create two purposes. They firstly create humourous misunderstandings, but also challenge us as an audience into what we see in appearences, gender roles and ‘platonic' same sex feelings. With male actors playing the female parts in the play, the idea of having a stable identitiy, may seem as misleading as disguises. However these disguised characters provide a wider significance by giving us a deeper meaning to ponder about what our beliefs and others are actually based upon. The play brings out the true natures of Olivia, Orsino and Malvolio to the surface. However, it is only Malvolio at the end who still seems unsure to recognise himself as he is blinded by his overwhelming pride and self- righteousness.

Disruptive and Disruptor

Disruptive and Disruptor Disruptive and Disruptor Disruptive and Disruptor By Maeve Maddox Until recently, the words disrupt, disruptive, disruption, and disruptor were negative words used to describe actions detrimental to perceived social order. For example: Man in Elbow Room Disruption Fights Police, Damages Cruiser Twelve protesters disrupted a speech by Condoleeza Rice at Norwich University in Vermont. Iranian Intelligence Minister Heydar Moslehi has announced the arrest of several â€Å"election disruptors† in Tehran. Ideally, chronically disruptive students should be placed in high-quality alternative education settings where they can receive long-term, intensive interventions In the realm of science fiction, a disruptor is a weapon that can destroy a human being in a very unpleasant manner by disrupting cellular structure. Now, however, thanks to Clayton Christensen, a consultant and an entrepreneur whose 1992 Harvard DBA dissertation describes an academic theory of â€Å"disruptive innovation,† the nouns disruption and disruptor have taken on a positive connotation, at least for some denizens of Silicon Valley: Nowadays every corporate executive wants to disrupt; the word has become a mark of forward-thinking decisiveness- though it is sometimes attached to strategies that are more about cost-cutting than game-changing. And in Silicon Valley, belief in disruption has taken on a near religious tinge. All that disrupts is good; all that stands in disruption’s way (such as, say, San Francisco taxi companies or metropolitan daily newspapers) deserves to perish. –Justin Fox, â€Å"The Disruption Myth,† The Atlantic, October 2014. In this context, disruption refers to the phenomenon of old technology being upstaged by newer technology. This new disruption names a situation in which a company that was the leader in a certain field finds itself losing money because another company, with newer technology, takes the lead away from them. An example given in the Atlantic article is what happened â€Å"when electronic cash registers went from 10 percent of the market in 1972 to 90 percent just four years later,† causing the National Cash Register Company to experience big losses. Six years before Christensen’s dissertation, Dick Foster described the same phenomenon in conventional language in a book called Innovation: The Attacker’s Advantage. In Business-speak, disruption is a new word for innovation. Innovators have become disruptors. Spelling note: Both OED and M-W show the spelling disruptor as â€Å"an alternative spelling† of disrupter, but the -or ending seems to be more common. A Google search of â€Å"disrupter† returns about 429,000 hits to 1,020,000 for â€Å"disruptor.† The Ngram Viewer shows disrupter ahead until 1995, when disruptor pulls ahead. For those readers looking for a synonym for innovation that doesn’t convey the negativity of disruption, here are some possibilities: change alteration revolution upheaval transformation metamorphosis breakthrough new measures new methods modernization novelty creativity ingenuity innovation inventiveness Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know8 Types of Parenthetical PhrasesComma After Introductory Phrases

Lets Not Eviscerate Eviscerate

Lets Not Eviscerate Eviscerate Lets Not Eviscerate Eviscerate Lets Not Eviscerate Eviscerate By Maeve Maddox Ive always thought of the verb eviscerate as being a really strong word suggestive of horror. Say it aloud. Even the words sound seems to twist like a knife blade. eviscerate [ee VIS er ate] intransitive verb To take out the internal organs or entrails of; to disembowel; to gut. Used correctly, eviscerate conveys the idea of removing an animals innards. For example the Canadian Department of Agriculture has a live, dressed, and eviscerated poultry regulation. A National Institute of Sciences report tells us: Experiments were carried out in eviscerated rats having intact kidneys to examine the effects on body glucose of some conditions known to stimulate overall gluconeogenesis. Pretty horrible stuff, evisceration. Thats why Im sorry to observe that some bloggers and headline writers are using the word as if it were a mere synonym for destroy or impugn (contradict, contravene, cross, disaffirm, gainsay, negate). Armenian Genocide deniers are eviscerated Zionofascist Bollinger Eviscerated by Patriot Keith Olbermann eviscerated Hillary Clinton Such figurative use of the word eviscerate is like calling in a helicopter to get a cat out of a tree. On the other hand, figurative uses of eviscerate can be appropriate: ATT, Microsoft win as ID theft bill eviscerated This use is apt because the document contained things that could be cut out. Sometimes the use of the word is completely off the mark, literally or figuratively, as in a 2002 story by an NPR reporter who called Windows on the World a restaurant in one of the eviscerated towers of the World Trade Center. Had the tower housing the restaurant still been standing as a shell, the use would have been appropriate. Since the tower was rubble, it was not eviscerated. It was demolished. Sure, evisceration does result in the death of the organism to which it is applied, but with so many other more suitable words in the language for attacking peoples ideas, why weaken a bloody, snicker-snak word like eviscerate? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a Sentence25 Russian Words Used in English (and 25 More That Should Be)What Is the Meaning of "Hack?"

NHL Advertising Campaign Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

NHL Advertising Campaign - Article Example In a much aggrandized discourse of hegemonic masculinity, Mediating Sport, Myth, and Masculinity: The National Hockey League’s â€Å"Inside the Warrior† Advertising Campaign by Sarah Gee, it can be noted that there is close attributes to how Mrs. Gee tries to argue out the campaign (Hanold, 2012). Indeed, Mrs. Gee realizes the importance of the masculinity in explaining the inherent interpretation of the campaign. Primarily, Mrs. Gee closely examines the interpretation of the campaign in the dominion of patriarchy over matriarchy. Gee argument is based on empirical social research, and on this account, she successfully use Hockey as a sport to explain local gender hierarchies. Her discourse is substantial in reflecting to the bold perception of economic affiliation as explained in the role of masculinity, mentally and physically. This discussion will attempt to provide a double sided criticism of hegemonic masculinity as interpreted by Sarah Gee in her review against th e 2005 inside Warrior campaign. Critique Criticism for In debate of gender equality, the concept of one triumphing over the other has become the center of focus. Naturally, sports require both mental and physical attributes, which in this case, men triumph on the physical side. However, as this debate will attempt to singularize, there is an inherent subordinate role of social position in men. The 2005 campaign is a feature event that on several accounts explained the inherent role of men in the general society. The campaign sought to clarify the concept of hegemonic masculinity and how, in relation to this campaign, men maintain their dominant role in the society – primarily protection. Hegemonic masculinity has deep relation in a much elaborated theory, cultural hegemony by Antonio Gramsci. In both theories, a scholar will realize the analysis of power amongst social classes. While feminism is largely attributed as the intrinsic ability to reproduce, the patriarch camp has been vicious enough to apply masculinity to sustain a leading dominant position in the society. As the discussion will attempt to discover, there is close relation between the two centers of power, in how they alter each other. Currently, a significant percentage of men have not been involved in bellicose activities regarding physical hurting at war or any form of violence. This explains the validity of this campaign in concept of viscosity. Any scholar will note at ease the derived relation of hegemonic masculine theory in the aspect of struggle to explain the bread winning regime. Traditionally, the masculine affiliation has been attributed to violent, brutal, pseudo-natural and tough actions which psychologically explains why men should not only apply mental power in soliciting economic life, but as well as physical power. In relation to the 2005 campaign, it is coherent to concur that men not only applied their physical strength against equally trained men, but the also applied sticks which in this case had a close significance to a real time war (Hanold, 2012). The validity of these actions has close sources to the argument of anxiety provoking in a pursuit of a better economic good. The notion of hegemonic masculinity has been applied to explain social embodiment of masculine configuration. The theory clarifies that man cannot survive, that is in a smooth environment, without

Research on the effects of water pollution Paper

On the effects of water pollution - Research Paper Example by Calhoun and Seideman (2005, p 23), they described environmental pollution as â€Å"the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment, which normally results to an adverse negative change on the natural environment.† In these two studies, it was collectively noted that pollutants comprise of chemical substances, wastewater, garbage, and various forms of energy such as noise, light, and heat. Goel (2006) in his writings stated that certain pollutants normally cause an harmful effect if they are used in excess, for example, a small discharge of noise, light, or heat into the environment is not likely to cause an harmful effect or rather it is not likely to pollute the environment. This research study will focus on water pollution and in particular, it seeks to investigate the effects of water pollution from a broader perspective that comprises of the eco-system and even the living organisms. Because of the essential use of water in everyday life by all living organisms, Villers (2001) argued that water pollution tends to have the most detrimental effects amongst all other forms of pollution. Water pollution occurs when toxic substances either in liquid or solid form are discharged into water bodies and there is no effective treatment plan that has been put in place to remove the toxic substances. Because of it wide use by all living organisms, water pollution tend to have the most detrimental effect on the entire population, individual species and the natural biological community. This fact is supported by the argument that was given by Calhoun and Seideman (2005), who deemed water pollution as a major global problem that is the root cause of many diseases and deaths that in the society. In particular, a report released by the United Nations in the year 2011 under the title ‘Water Factsheet’ noted that water pollution accounts for over fourteen thousand deaths that occur on a daily basis across the World. This report further noted that water

Assignment 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Assignment 6 - Essay Example ond World War, and he declared his war against the â€Å"racial caste system† employed by contractors against soldiers in the United States during that time (653). Truman’s EO 8991 in 1948, or the executive order that created the Civil Rights Commission, paved the way for the â€Å"weaving together† of America in the 1950s. It is this particular executive order that offered equal treatment to Blacks and the cutting off of the sale of products that perpetuate the latter’s vices (653). Although Truman’s EO 8991 has not accomplished as much as Kennedy’s and Johnson’s policies, it paved the way for the â€Å"unraveling† of America in the 1960s, where the races and genders have more or less equaled. Fifteen years after Truman’s EO 8991, in 1963, certain changes in terms of social engineering activities have been implemented regarding racial and gender equality, particularly during the governance of Lyndon Johnson. One of which was the decision of the Department of Defense to prohibit soldiers from using segregated bus or rail facilities, thus whites and blacks could use transportation together (654). The greatest proof of â€Å"unraveling† of the United States in the 60s was the passage of the Civil Rights Act in 1964, and this â€Å"prohibited racial discrimination in employment, institutions like hospitals and schools†¦restaurants, hotels, and theaters† ( 922). Moreover, in 1965, under the banner of â€Å"affirmative action† used by the Kennedy administration, Johnson reiterated his vision of racial equality (Levin 656). He defended Blacks in his speech and considered them equal to whites, and through EO 11246, he required all federal contract ors to treat any employee without any regard to his â€Å"race, creed, color or national origin† (656). So far, Johnson’s greatest achievement in 1965 was the passage of the Voting Rights Act, which granted suffrage to the black southerners ( 926). In 1967, Johnson included gender equality by adding â€Å"sex† to the

Company Overview of VEDANTA RESOURCES

Company Overview of VEDANTA RESOURCES INTRODUCTION Vedanta resources is the first Indian company to be listed in the London stock exchange in December 2003. It is an FTSE 100 metals and mining company with its headquarters located in London, UK and is Indias largest non ferrous company based on their revenues. The company is principally situated in India, although they have possessions and operations in other locations such as Zambia and Australia. Vedanta Resources is mainly invested in copper, zinc, Aluminium businesses, however the company is now adding to their portfolio by diversifying into a commercial power generation business. The group has experienced a significant growth in recent years on grounds of various expansions in projects owing to a world class resource base containing copper, zinc and Aluminium, the result of this being the acquisition of Sesa Goa in April 2007, which enabled them to penetrate into the iron ore market. Therefore the organization is actively participating in the iron ore, zinc, Aluminium and copper businesses. Vedanta has a precise vision and mission statement, vision being to be clear and committed so that they might become the market leaders in the non- ferrous market segment and their mission is to be a low cost, million-ton per annum producer, the ultimate goal however is to make the company a success, needless to say that such a mission will certainly put India on a global competitive platform, in the metals and mining segment. The company has continuously demonstrated that they are able to bring in projects that are of high significance thereby contributing unmatched growth at minimum pricing while ensuring high returns to all their shareholders. Also, the organization makes certain that they meet the high conservative standards that are set, so that unjustifiable numbers are not shown in their balance sheets. Vedanta Resources deals with a diverse portfolio of mining and metals business as they make available eminent proceeds to their shareholders even as they make sure that they are socially and environmentally accountable, as the management keeps track of their employees health and safety, community issues and of their surroundings. Several of Vedanta Resources operations are authorized by International Management Systems Standard ISO 14001, proof of it being the many awards won by the company such as Recognition of Commitment Award from the Institute of Internal Auditors, USA in 2005, Vedanta Resources being the only manufacturing company out of a total of four Indian companies to have ever received this award, not to mention the numerous safety and environment awards. To quote the chairman of Vedanta Resources, Mr.Anil Agrawal India is a fast-emerging and attractive resource destination, and we believe our strategy and business objectives will harness Indias high-quality wealth of mineral resources at low costs of development, positioning it as a leader on the global metals and mining map. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Vedanta is an emerging multinational conglomerate with many overseas operations. Its organizational structure is a complex one with many subsidiaries, governing board and a management committee. The governing board consists of executive and non executive directors. The executive board of directors consists of Mr. Anil Agarwal, Mr. Navin Agarwal and Mr. M S Metha. Mr. Anil Agarwal founded the company and is leading the company as the executive chairman. Mr. Navin Agarwal is the deputy executive chairman of Vedanta and looks after the corporate business strategy and responsible for overall performance and growth. He also heads the executive committee. Mr. M. S. Metha is the chief executive officer of Vedanta. He joined the conglomerate in the year 2000 and previously was working at Lloyds Steel Industries. The non executive board consists of Mr. Naresh Chandra, Mr. Aman Metha and Mr.Euan Macdonald. Mr. Naresh Chandra was a Padma Vibhushan award winner from the Government of India and he is an Indian Administrative Service officer. He joined the group in 2004 after holding many prestigious positions in India. Aman Metha also joined the group in 2004. Before that he was the CEO of HSBC. Euan Macdonald was the chairman of SBC Warburg India and specializes in emerging market finance. The management committee is lead by Mr. Navin Agarwal and consists of: COMMITTEE DESIGNATION TARUN JAIN PRESIDENT GROUP HUMAN RESOURCES DD JALAN WHOLE TIME DIRECTOR CEO ALUMINIUM BUSINESS MS METHA WHOLE TIME DIRECTOR BALCO P K MUKHERJEE DIRECTOR OPERATIONS KCM DILIP GOLANI COO HZL RAJAGOPAL K. KUMAR CEO COPPER ZINC BUSINESS AKHILESH JOSHI HEAD MANGT ASSURANCE FUNCTION J. JANAKARAJ CEO VEDANTA RESOURCES PRAMOD SURI CEO IRON ORE BUSINESS M SIDDIQI CFO VEDANTA RESOURCED A THIRUNAVUKKARASU DOF STERLITE Vedanta Resources plc. is the parent company with many subsidiaries operating in different sectors in different names. Vedanta has interests in five main businesses. Each business is operated by one of its subsidiary. Below is the Vedanta resources plcs group tree. Copper Business: Copper business are run and operated by Sterlite Industries (India) Limited, Konkola Copper Mines Plc and Copper Mines of Tasmania, however, Vedanta holds 53.9%, 79.4% and 100% stakes respectively and management control in the above companies. The total copper business has an annual production of 678,412 tons and generates revenue of $4,012 million. The end products are the Continuous Cast Rods and Copper Cathodes. Copper from the copper mines are smelted using ISA process, one of the worlds leading technology in copper smelting. They have the latest version of CS 3000 Distributed Control System of Yokogawa from Japan to control the entire copper smelter. Aluminium Business: Bharat Aluminium Company Limited (BALCO) and Vedanta Aluminium Limited (VAL) are responsible for Aluminium business. Aluminium business has a total production capacity of 500,000 tons per annum. Vedanta has the controlling stakes of 70.5% in VAL and Sterlite, the subsidiary of Vedanta owns a stake of 51% and exercises management control. Currently the Aluminium business is under vigorous expansion and by 2012 it would become top five Aluminium producers in the world. The company produces metallurgical grade alumina and Aluminium ingots, billets and bars used for making buses. The Aluminium smelter used the advanced technical specifications of British Standard Institute (BSI). The company has bagged OHSAS 18001 certification for good health and protection standards. VAL unit has obtained ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certificates for quality production and management practices. These Aluminium complexes also have integrated power plants in them. Zinc business: Zinc business is wholly owned and operated by Hindustan Zinc limited (HZL). Vedanta own 64.9% of share capital in HZL. It has an annual production of 9,64,000 tons of zinc that generates revenue of $1,782 million. HZL is the worlds integrated second largest producer of Zinc and Lead. Apart from Zinc and Lead the plant also produces Silver, Cadmium and generates power. Silver and Cadmium are obtained as a byproduct of Lead and Zinc metal respectively. The equity shares of HZL are traded at the Indian stock exchange. The metals are refined and sold according to their quality. Iron ore business: The whole iron ore business is operated by its subsidiary Sesa Goa limited. Vedanta has a controlling stake of 57.1%. The company makes iron ore, pig iron and metallurgical coke. The company has a production capacity of 21.4 million tons of iron ore fines and lumps which generates revenue of $1221.7 million. Apart from these they also sell the in-house technology for coke making. They found new technology using vibro compaction to stabilize coal before using in the furnace for firing. Sesa Goas mines have ISO status for good management standards and safety. Commercial Power Generation business: This is a new business venture for Vedanta group and is run by its subsidiaries Sterlite Energy Limited (SEL) and Madras Aluminium Company Limited (MALCO). SEL is a 100% subsidiary of Sterlite Industries Ltd. As of now the excess power from its various plants are sold. Specialized commercial power generation plants are being set up in India. By the end of 2011 the power plants would become fully operational. Two plants are being set up with a combined generation of 4380MW per year. OPERATIONS OF VEDANTA RESOURCES PLC: CORPORATE STRATEGY Since its incorporation in 1976, Vedanta has been very successful in its operations. The current turnover of company is $ 7931 million. The success can be owed to the corporate strategy of Vedanta which can be explained as follows: Organic Development: This includes developing organizations own capabilities. It is done by making using of latest technology for manufacturing processes; spreading investments over a time, venturing the scope of entry in new markets, analyzing the ability of the company to enter them and then enter into such markets. Latest Technology for Mining Smelting Operations: Vedanta has been doing it by using highly advanced technology for manufacturing and designing. This helps in reducing the production costs and thereby gaining advantage to compete in the market. For e.g. The Sesa Goas team did a detailed experimentation involving studies on the temperature profile of the oven and redesigning the refractories. Followed by the systematic plant trials, it developed energy recovery coke making, an environment-friendly technology that is characterized low capital and operating cost, high energy recovery and capable of producing high quality metallurgical coke. Implementing cost reduction techniques: Vedanta has signed long-term contracts with suppliers of raw materials. This not only reduces production costs but also accounts for the continuous availability of resources without getting affected by market fluctuations. Launching Brownfield and Greenfield Projects: These form a very important consideration for a mining industry. Brownfield projects are abandoned sites that are available for industrial or commercial reuse. The development or expansions of such land is more difficult owing to contamination by earlier use. Greenfield projects are the ones which lack any constraints imposed by prior work. There is no need to demolish or remodel the structure. Vedanta has been investing in Brownfield and Greenfield projects for expansions. A 1.4 mtpa aluminium refinery project at Lanjigarh and an aluminium smelter of capacity 500,000 tpa both in state of Orissa, India are few of the Greenfield projects launched by the company. Entry in New Market: Also the company has now ventured into Commercial Power Generation. It recognised the tremendous scope in the industry for commercial power generation, in India. It has therefore started commercial power generation plants in Chhattisgarh and Orissa. Also these plants are locates at strategic positions, mainly in the coal rich zones of India, thereby facilitating transport and easy availability of coal. Consolidation of Group Structure: As shown above, Vedanta has many subsidiaries like KCM, Sterlite Industries India Ltd, Sesa Goa Ltd etc. Although it has the Holding Stocks and management control over all these, some of the stakes are owned by private investors. Vedanta is constantly trying to buyback it stock and purchase shares of all its subsidiaries. This would help in a consolidated group structure. The main advantage of it is ease in the management decisions. Mergers and Acquisitions: Since 2004, the Vedanta Resources had only one acquisition till date by acquiring the Madras Aluminium Co Ltd. While taking stake into consideration the Vedanta resources taken over 5 companies till finalization of balance sheet for 2010. Acquisitions include Konkola Copper Mines Plc. in 2004 and part in 2009 with a total of 79.4% stake, next Sterlite Gold Ltd and Finsider International Co Ltd both in the year 2007. Moreover, the company acquired approximately 25.8% by the outstanding common shares of Sterlite Gold on a fully-diluted basis. Also the company acquired Finsider International Co Ltd. Fully from a Japanese company called Mitsui Co at around USD 981 million. In the year 2009 the company acquired 51% of Sesa Goa Ltd, Indias largest producer-exporter of Iron-Ore in the private sector at INR 4070 Crore. Now, the Vedanta Resources are planning to acquire 60% stake in Crain India Company. The Cairn India is a leading player in Oil and Gas industry in India. Moreover, Crain India is one the biggest private exploration and Production Company currently operating in India. Edinburgh based Crain Energy is holding a total of 62.37 percent stake in Crain India. According to the deal the Crain Energy will sell its stake to Vedanta Resources Plc for the deal amount of USD 9.6 billion at 405 INR per share. Successful acquisition of KCM, MALCO, Sterlite Gold Ltd and Sesa Goa has added substantial growth to the Vedanta as a whole. They are continue looking for a new growth and acquisition opportunities in the metal and mining sector and related opportunities in India and elsewhere. They are taking all these steps by keeping government privatization programmed in mind. PESTEL ANALYSIS Political Legal: As minerals are a nations wealth, the mining industry operates under the huge cloud of political and legal pressure. Mainly they are state owned or nationalized and involves a large and complicated process for licensing. The industry is very much regulated by governmental law that mainly focuses on labour and environmental factors. In the recent days, the increasing concern for environmental issues has made the government to pressurize the mining policies. Upon this the media focus is still more an added pressure for the mining industry. Even though the governments policies are mainly aimed to protect the resources but they also encourage exports by giving subsidies and encourage new technology developments. Economic: Mining is an industry that requires very high capital investment. Thus, interest rates make a major impact. Not all countries are rich in deposits of minerals; hence mining generally involves import and export of products. The exchange rates fluctuations are a dominant concern. The import taxes and international trade cycle are also important economic factors for the mining industry. Social: Being an industry that impacts the surrounding environment in areas of its operation, the support of the local community is of the most important and underlying factors for mining. Mining, though, a resource based industry, cannot be carried out in areas of high population because of the concerns that it may affect the public health. Mining has also been under the scanner of various activist groups over the recent years. The industry thus has also been attracting continuous media attention. Vedanta has been attracting a lot of media attention recently over ESG issues. Technology: The process involved in the mining industry right from the raw material transportation still export involves risky process. In those conditions the laws prevent the use of human resources that make the mining industry heavily dependent on technology. Recently the mines are using computerized machines that operates according to its program and automated conveyor belts to reach its specified destination i.e. harbor or warehouse. But still the underground mining relies mainly on human resource due to its complicated nature of mining. Environmental: Mining is an industry that affects and makes a negative impact on the environment during and after the process. Thus any mining activity has to go through a number of clearances and regulations concerning the environment. Almost all countries demand an investigation of its impact on the environment before any activity can start. PORTERS 5 FORCES ANALYSIS The following diagram gives the 5 Forces Analysis for Vedanta Resources: Threat of New Entrants: The threat of new entrants to Vedanta is very low. This is mainly because of high capital investments required. The limited resources in mining and the costs of exploration, the various government laws, the equipment required, additional costs incurred in rehabilitation of people living at mining sites etc all make it difficult for new entrants to venture in this industry. Threat of Substitutes: The threat of substitutes also is low. This is mainly because metals are required basically for all types of manufacturing industries as an input. Even if substitution is considered, it has limited scope. Also the price/performance ratios of iron, aluminium etc is low, making the threat of substitutes even less. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The suppliers include the suppliers of raw materials required, that of equipment etc. There are very few suppliers and therefore their bargaining power is high. Also the cost of switching suppliers is high making it difficult to do so. Vedanta has entered into long term contracts with their suppliers, thus reducing the costs. It also ensures that Vedanta get supply of goods without being affected by market fluctuations. Bargaining Power of Buyers: This is low as the demand of the metals and metal products is very high. Also switching costs are high as the costumers normally have contracts with the company. Competitive Rivalry: Some of the competitors of Vedanta Group are Rio-Tinto, BHP Billiton Ltd, Grupo-Mexico, Hindalco etc. The competition is intense as every player is trying for their market share as the resources are becoming restricted and limited. SWOT ANALYSIS: A complete SWOT analysis of Vedanta Resources plc would provide a clear and unbiased strategic analysis of the companys strengths and weakness and potential opportunities and threats, this sort of analysis helps the business in understanding its partners, customers and competitors better. STRENGTHS: The strength can be determined by the fact that the company has assets that are global with respect to both scale and size; their low cost of production which makes the group competitive among its peers and the skill and experience that are incorporated in the nature of their assets is of high quality. Their recent growth in volume and the many measures that the group have taken in reducing costs has increased their cash flow considerably; The Company understands the fact that it is important to maintain a low leverage by enabling adequate liquidity and meeting all their financial obligations, possessing a strong vision, making strategic acquisitions and having an ability to think ahead. They also understand the value of their employees which is a competitive advantage as its not easily reproducible like technology and the fact that they strive for excellence has only increased their strength. WEAKNESSES: Poor brand management, not giving importance to marketing of the company, keeping silent while a swarm of people accusing the company has increased trouble for the company. Therefore, the company must make all efforts in order to correct the problem before they run out of business and need to curtail their operations. OPPORTUNITIES: The opportunities for the group are many, success in the group will allow the company to compete globally. Several efforts are made by the company with respect to expansion of the company and growth and this can be clearly seen in the group on having acquired Sesa Goa, which makes it possible for the company to penetrate through the iron ore market and by making strategic decisions, will guarantee that Vedanta Resources triumphs. THREATS: The potential threats as reported by The Independent news paper is the fact that the human rights protestors that stood outside the companys building in their avatar costumes, outshone the companys accomplishments which is a major threat to the companys image. The backing out of the Church of England; only six months after researching into the company or Aviva who is one of their backers, who voted against them in three resolutions in board meeting which they attended. Vedanta however, denies the rumors concerning the pollution of Lanjugarh, or any breach in human rights, the encroachment of land in Nyamgiri Hills in Orissa and any other accusations that have been made against the company and they continue to contest any allegations made against the group. Although the rumors are overtaking their defensive stand and is causing a serious dent to the Vedanta Groups image. (The Independent, 2010) COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: In terms of the competitive advantages for Vedanta resources Plc, Firstly, they have a mining site located where the availability of natural resources is high. Their production is done on the basis of the accessibility of the raw material. As the natural resources are highly available, the supply of the raw material and the cost of production can be low, and the cost of capital can be divided to sustain it in the current market. The raw material in the industry is nothing but the resources held by the group and as they located where there is a rich source of natural resources, not to mention the availability of cheap labour at their mining site which results in Vedanta having a low cost of production per unit leading the company to win an award for the low cost of production in year 2007. Culture of the society where there are located, is also well known by them so the adjustment to the market environment would not be an issue placing the company is a very advantageous position The company has also started their operations in power production unit. They had produced the power sufficient enough for their production and the excess production was sold out and this resulted to the investment in a power generation plant. Now they have obtained blocks for 112.2 million tons with the ministry of coal. They have signed a contract with Chhattisgarh government for the interested thermal and coal power generation plant for 1200 MW power capacity. India is fifth largest in the world for the bauxite with the reserve about of 2,600 million tones and for the coal reserves and for iron ore it is sixth. The most of the mining and smelting site for Vedanta resources are in India. This is advantageous for potential growth in the further prospective for the company. CORE COMPETENCE For Vedanta the core competence of their business strategy is developing low cost, with inexpensive skilled and educated labour. (Business Standard, 2008) In the mining industry, the high costs are to do with the investment in acquiring a mining site and costs need for production. However, Vedanta has reduced its cost of production owing to their location, which is rich in natural resources. The current production for the Aluminium is 1.4 mtpa which is planned to be increased by 6,00,000 tpa to reach is total production of 2 mtpa. The company aims at investing $ 9.8 Billion by which they will be the fifth mining company for Aluminium metal. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY In the present-day business scenario, Corporate Social responsibility (C.S.R.) and sustainability have become a very high-profile agenda in many countries and industries. Thus, due to the nature of its business, Corporate Social Responsibility is a pretty confound and complicated issue for Vedanta Resources Plc. The company has quite a mixed record on the social responsibility front. Nonetheless, the company has made certain valiant efforts to conduct their business in a socially responsible manner. Vedantas current C.S.R. agenda acknowledges the responsible management of the Environmental, Community, Health and Safety and Employee issues with respect to all of their operations. The companys Health, Safety and Environment (H.S.E) management framework administers the healthy and sound management of its operations. According to its current agenda, the company aims to reduce the impact of its activities on the environment. Efficient consumption of energy and water and use of recycled materials is one of its main motives. It has taken initiatives through its subsidiaries to fulfill its motives. Being a mining company, the health and safety of its employees and the community is a core concern for Vedanta. The company has a Health and Safety management framework and policies in place, which aim to ensure a risk-free environment for its employees. Vedanta has also taken efforts to support and enhance the local community in the areas of their operations. Sterlite Foundation is financial ly supported by the group, which provides free computer training to the young under-privileged people. The company has also made several contributions and donations to the community. For example being the donation of US$1.1 million to the Rajasthan drought relief fund, through its subsidiary H.Z.L. Despite making certain efforts to conduct its business in a socially responsible manner, Vedanta has been engulfed in a web of allegations concerning this issue over the last few years. The company has been under immense criticism for having a poor human rights and environmental record by various activist groups and authorities. A human rights group called Amnesty International, has criticized and raised the issue of ill treatment of the local tribal people by Vedanta in the Niyamgiri hills in Orissa, India. Various other activist groups have also accused Vedanta and its subsidiaries of threatening the livelihood of the community residing in and around the areas of its mines. This also led to recent public demonstrations and protest against the company worldwide. However, the company has maintained a stance that, it would act in a responsible manner and that the proposed project will only enhance the community as a whole in the particular area. Vedantas Alumina refinery at Lanjigarh in Orissa, India, has also been critiqued by the State Pollution Control board in India for air and water pollution. Amnesty International has accused Vedanta of failing to curb the impact created by its refinery of air pollution on the local community. The company is also facing investigations and charges regarding pollution because of its project in Armenia. This is another issue that has been raised by various activist groups. The company has also failed to maintain a clear health and safety record recently. Separate incidents have darned its reputation concerning safety efforts. An under construction chimney at its smelter in Chhattisgarh, India collapsed causing death of more than 40 workers and employees. The company has also been accused of safety negligence as its unsafe mining operations have led to deaths of more than 25 workers and employees and injuries to hundreds of others in 2007. The controversies, poor human rights and environmental allegations have caused a lot of socially responsible investors to divest from the company. After protests by Survival International a human rights group regarding the Orrisa issue, the Church of England sold its stake worth 3.75 million pounds in Vedanta resources on the basis of ethical grounds. The Church stated that we are not satisfied that Vedanta has shown, or is likely in future to show, the level of respect for human rights and local communities that we expect of companies in whom the Church investing bodies hold shares, The Scottish investment firm Martin Carrie Investments also sold its stake worth more than 2 million pounds following protest from activist groups. Other responsible investors like the Swedish Government, Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, Dutch investment firm PGGM and a few others have joined the bandwagon of disinvesting from the company following its poor recent social record. The BP Pension fund has also reduced its share following similar concerns. The UK and Norwegian governments have also condemned the company. The disinvestment by shareholders has been a major concern for Vedanta as it certainly threatens to affect its growth. On 24th August 2010, the Indian government blocked the companys proposal for a new mine in India alleging Vedanta of having a poor human rights and environmental record. Indias Environment minister stated, There is no emotion, no politics, no prejudice I have taken the decision in a purely legal approach, that these laws are being violated. This has been a major blow for Vedanta as it was planning to invest more than 5 billion pounds in the Niyamgiri project. The company has also been alleged of charges of bribery in Chennai, India for the reopening of a factory that was shut down due to a major accident. Sterlite, a subsidiary of Vedanta was slapped with tax notice of more than 44 million pounds by the India Excise department in 2010 while a few other legal violations have also tarnished the companys image. All the recent allegations and controversies in the recent times resulted in a negative image for the company. Its stock rose tremendously by more than 200% from April 2009 to April 2010 but after the recent allegations and concerns over disinvestment by investors, the stock has been a sharp decline. Thus, the issue of corporate social responsibility has certainly made an impact on its growth recently and could also be a cause of concern if the company does not adopt new strategies to improve its CSR record. Vedanta must revive its CSR agenda to clarify investor concerns. The company has however claimed that it aims resolve all the issues regarding the allegations and aim to enrich and empower the community wherever they operate. Projects Under Scrutiny Lanjigarh Bauxite Mine Lanjigarh Smelter Chhattisgarh Chimney Collapse Chennai Factory Source: CONCLUSION: In conclusion Vedanta Resources is Indias largest non-ferrous metal and mining company based on revenue. This FTSE-100 company has a strong balance sheet with cash and liquid investment of $7.2 billion and has cash in excess of $7.0 billion. Moreover, its the only Indian manufacturing company listed at London Stock Exchange. They are working with workforce of 30,000. The analysis shown above certainly explains the success of Vedanta Resources in mining industry. This success can be hugely owed to its corporate strategy. However there are still some glitches in the strategy. This is evident by the SWOT analysis, so also the effects on its business as an aftermath of its weak corporate social responsibility. Therefore it is evident that their current corporate strategy is not sustainable. Although due consideration has been given in asset optimization, reducing costs and thereby gaining profits; Vedanta has not given due consideration to the threat posed by its competitors. If any of the competitors enter India, for mining then Vedanta would not be able to survive. Moreover their corporate social responsibility has been lacking; this has severely affected their Brand-name, a very important factor in todays market. It has also resulted in decreased market share and withdrawal from many of their investors like Church of England. Therefore certain cha nges have to be made in their current corporate strategy. First of all, the company should give due consideration to its Social Responsibility, it should provide rehabilitation facilities to people, who have lost their lands due to mining activities. It should provide safety and security measures for their workers. It should also come with policies that are in accordance with the human right and environment. All this would add up with Brand Image of the company. It should try to improve relations with Indian governm